HABITAÇÃO E IDENTIDADE: Anteprojeto de habitação para as comunidades indígenas Guarani – Kaiowá em contexto de resistência territorial

Abstract

According to data from FUNASA (2008), it is estimated that, in Mato Grosso do Sul, the GuaraniKaiowá people, together, constitute the largest population in the state, totaling approximately 50,000 individuals. These groups are allocated to reservations, camps and traditional territories that have been retaken. Due to conflicts caused by economic interests, this population has lost its prerogatives, which, in addition to having a cultural impact, affects their food and housing conditions, making it almost impossible to preserve their customs and traditions. Territorial expropriation and allocation to reservations of reduced dimensions have resulted in changes in the construction style of their homes, since their culture and traditional way of life were not adequately considered. In view of the above, this work aims to develop a preliminary housing project for the Guarani-Kaiowá indigenous people who live in an urban context. The proposal is based on the analysis of the occupation trajectory and the recovery of the original territory, specifically in the municipality of Naviraí, Mato Grosso do Sul. The objective of this study is to develop a housing project that respects the culture and customs of these peoples, based on the impacts on their constructions and social and spatial organization. To this end, an analysis was carried out of how the constructions were built and their characteristics before contact with the non-indigenous population, as well as the difficulties faced today.