INFLUENCIA DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE FOSFITO E PLANTAS DE COBERTURAS EM CARACTERES AGRONOMICOS NA CULTURA DO FEIJÃO

Abstract

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a crop of great socioeconomic importance in Brazil, especially in the Central-West region, where it has gained ground in intensive production systems. Practices such as the use of cover crops and phosphite fertilization have been explored as sustainable alternatives to improve the agronomic performance of the crop. However, the effects of these practices, isolated or combined, are still poorly understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of phosphite fertilization and the use of cover crops on the morphophysiological characteristics and productivity of common bean. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Chapadão do Sul campus, in an Oxisol Red Yellow with a clayey texture. The treatments consisted of different soil covers and fertilization with and without phosphite. The results indicate that the application of phosphite did not provide agronomic benefits to common bean cultivation and may even have limited plant performance at different stages of development. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the dynamics of phosphite in plant metabolism and its interaction with other nutrients, especially phosphorus. Regarding soil penetration resistance, cover species significantly influenced the physical structure, with emphasis on Urochloa brizantha cv. Piatã, which reduced compaction at all depths evaluated.