Da Eutanásia sob a perspectiva dos Direitos Humanos Fundamentais e do Biodireito.

Abstract

This undergraduate thesis addresses euthanasia from the perspective of fundamental human rights and biolaw in Brazil. The theme reveals the tension between the right to life and human autonomy and dignity in the face of terminal suffering, exposing gaps and challenges in the Brazilian legal system, whose criminal legislation prohibits hastening death. The general objective of the research was to investigate how Brazilian law deals with euthanasia, weighing it in light of bioethical and constitutional principles. The methodology used included bibliographic and documentary research, analyzing the historical and constitutional evolution of the right to life, the bioethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice applied to end-of-life, the ethical and legal conflicts in Brazil, and international experiences. The results showed that, although active euthanasia is criminalized, constitutional and bioethical interpretation has led to the recognition of orthotanasia and treatment refusal. Conflicts persist due to legal rigidity, cultural influences, and social inequalities, highlighting the urgency of a legislative debate that harmonizes the protection of life with dignity and autonomy, prioritizing the universalization of palliative care as a just and humane response to suffering in terminality. Keywords: Euthanasia. Biolaw. Human Rights. Terminality. Human Dignity.