Pelos meandros da desigualdade: interseccionalidade e formação socioespacial

Abstract

In this dissertation, I sought to understand how intersectionality can be used as an analytical tool in Geography to explain Brazil’s socio-spatial formation, considering that gender, race, and class inequalities do not operate in isolation, but in an articulated and structural manner. My choice for this approach is justified by the need to challenge the geographical tradition that often renders identity dimensions invisible in territorial analysis. I understand that Brazil carries, in its constitution, the traits of a colonial, slave-based, and patriarchal model that, although under new forms, still persists in the organization of space, public policies, the distribution of rights, and the reproduction of oppression. In this context, I adopted intersectionality not only as a concept but also as a political and epistemic practice that allows me to perceive subjects and territories in a situated, complex, and critical way. I employed the historical-dialectical method as the theoretical-methodological foundation, combining a critical literature review — drawing on authors such as Lélia Gonzalez, Milton Santos, Angela Davis, Patricia Hill Collins, and Jessé Souza — with the analysis of secondary data (INFOPEN, IBGE, CEDRA, … ) and legal documents such as the Land Law and the Drug Law. My territorial focus is Brazil, with emphasis on historical and contemporary processes that reveal the spatialization of inequalities, such as mass incarceration, institutional racism, and the struggles of social movements. Thus, I reaffirm Geography as a science committed to social justice, and intersectionality as a powerful tool for analysis and transformation.