USO DO NDVI PARA ANÁLISE MULTITEMPORAL DA UNIDADE DE CONSERVAÇÃO ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL ESTADUAL RIO CÊNICO ROTAS MONÇOEIRAS

Abstract

This study analyzed the dynamics of vegetation cover in the State Environmental Protection Area (APA) Rio Cênico Rotas Monçoeiras, located in the Coxim River basin, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Established by State Decree No. 9.934/2000, the unit covers 15,440.5 hectares across the municipalities of Camapuã, Coxim, and São Gabriel do Oeste, within the Cerrado biome. The objective of the research was to identify environmental changes over time through the application of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), using satellite imagery from the years 2000, 2015, 2020, and 2024. The methodology employed geotechnologies and the QGIS software to process and analyze orbital data obtained from Landsat platform sensors. The results indicated a reduction in native vegetation and an increase in areas with exposed soil, revealing impacts from extensive livestock farming, degradation of riparian forests, siltation, and wildfires. The study highlighted the importance of NDVI as a low-cost and highly efficient tool for environmental monitoring in conservation units. The data demonstrated the need for more effective environmental management actions, considering the ecological zoning of the APA and its protection cores. In addition to its ecological relevance, the area also holds historical and cultural value related to the old monsoon routes. It was concluded that the use of NDVI in multitemporal analyses contributed to environmental diagnostics and to the planning of public policies aimed at biodiversity conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources.