ANÁLISE ESPACIAL PARA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ÁREAS PROPÍCIAS À IMPLANTAÇÃO DE ATERRO SANITÁRIO: UTILIZANDO FERRAMENTAS DE GEOPROCESSAMENTO PARA TOMADA DE DECISÃO

Abstract

Population growth and increasing consumption have intensified the challenges associated with the proper management of municipal solid waste. This study aims to identify suitable areas for the installation of a sanitary landfill in the municipality of Rochedo, Mato Grosso do Sul, using geoprocessing techniques and multicriteria analysis. The following criteria were considered: slope, distance to roads, distance to the urban center, and distance to water bodies, weighted based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology. Each criterion was reclassified in QGIS software using a suitability scale from 0 to 4, and the layers were subsequently integrated using the Raster Calculator tool. The results indicate that approximately 66% of the municipal territory presents favorable or highly favorable conditions for landfill siting, while 28% were classified as restricted areas, mainly due to their overlap with urban zones, water bodies, or steep slopes. Despite the promising outcomes, the need for complementary in situ studies is emphasized, particularly regarding groundwater table depth an essential factor for environmental licensing. Additionally, the exclusion of the Legal Reserve layer from the final analysis, due to technical processing limitations, may have influenced the delineation of the most suitable areas. It is concluded that the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with multicriteria analysis methods is an effective tool for solid waste management planning, providing technical support for decision-making by public authorities.