PARA ALÉM DAS QUATRO LINHAS: MACHOCRACIA, VIOLÊNCIAS E SUBVERSÕES NAS ARQUIBANCADAS DO FUTEBOL BRASILEIRO

Abstract

The main objective of this research was to understand how machocracy operates in the sporting world, with a focus on football, emphasizing the problems and aesthetics of hegemonic masculinity as a producer of violence in the fans, in the media and behind the scenes of this Brazilian cultural powerhouse. The experiences of dissident fan practices and their actors go through processes of invisibility due to the cultural pedagogies of stadiums, spaces in which malecratic logic is inserted and stabilized as the norm. The pejorative perspective of the allusion to homosexuality as an artifice of dichotomous differentiation of “self versus the other” is also evident in the world of sport and the clash of football identities valuing heterosexuality as an imperative for the exercise of support. To this end, a documentary survey was carried out in several media outlets within the time frame of the 1970s, dated as the period in which the first organized gay fans in Brazil, Coligay, emerged until the year 2024, with the aim of understanding how the subversion movements of the football consumer public are analyzed by the press and, also, how they are received by Brazilian fans when they enter sociability spaces that are mostly male. In addition to this first aspect, we also seek to understand how measures to contain LGBTphobic practices in stadiums are – and if they are – applied in a context in which they are naturalized as an effective way of provoking the opponent. The methodological choice of the research articulates the collection and review of materials related to the theme of masculinity in the football universe and bibliographic discussion on the topic of gender studies and football fans in Brazil.