Análise do Acordo de Escazú: A Relevância para a Tutela Ambiental e a Proteção dos Defensores Socioambientais no Cenário Brasileiro

Abstract

The planet is losing species of fauna and flora at an acclerated rate, some that humanity has never come to know, due to human action. This environmental devastation has consequences for the global climate, contributing to the melting of Antarctic and the increase in intense hurricanes. In this scenario, the Escazú Agreement, signed three years after the Paris Agreement (2015), provides a basis for the latin-caribbean zone to implement climate policies and is a pioneer in approaching environmental dimension linked to human rights. Thus, the proposed study pretend to contribute to a broader and deeper understanding of the implications of the Escazú Agreement in the context of environmental human rights in Latin America and the Caribbean, with a particular focus on Brazil. The research was conducted to explore the challenges and importance of the ratification of the treaty in the country, considering the impact of environmental degradation boosted by unsustainable practices that receive support from economic and policial sectors. The study is justified by the growing environmental crisis and its disproportionate impacts on vulnerable populations, in addition to the constant violence against environmental activists. Using documental and bibliographical sources, the research adopted a hypothetical-deductive and partially qualitative approach to assess the relevance of the agreement. It’s concluded that the implementation of the Agreement could improve the protection of environmental defenders and public participation in the Brazilian panorama, offering new perspectives about advancing climate policies and environmental governance to ensure that the consequences of environmental degradation don’t become irreversible for the Planet.