Associação entre perfil físico-funcional, nível de atividade física e cinesiofobia em indivíduos com artrites inflamatórias

Abstract

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders in individuals with inflammatory arthritis cause physical-functional impairment, in addition to triggering kinesiophobia. Consequently, there may be a reduction in the practice of physical activity, contributing to the worsening of existing signs and symptoms. Objective: To evaluate the association between physical-functional, level of physical activity and kinesiophobia in individuals with inflammatory arthritis. Methods: Cross-sectional study with individuals diagnosed with inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis and/or spondyloarthritis) in attendance at the Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic of the Maria Aparecida Pedrossian University Hospital, in the city of Campo Grande-MS. Participants were evaluated regarding their level of kinesiophobia (Tap Kinesiophobia Scale - ETC) and level of physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ Long Version); later, they were classified as Low (BC) or High Kinesiophobia (AC) and as low/moderate (BM-AF) or high level of physical activity (A-AF). The physical-functional profile was characterized by the following variables: pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale - VAS); hand grip strength (dynamometry), muscle strength and functional capacity (30-second Sit-Up Test, Static Muscle Endurance Test and Timed Up and Go Test); disease impact and disability through disease-specific questionnaires. Results: Thirty-three individuals with a mean age of 48 ± 12 years participated in the study; 66.7% had a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, 30.3% had spondyloarthritis and 3% had a diagnosis of both diseases. Considering as independent variables level of kinesiophobia and level of physical activity, it was verified, through analysis of variance and post hoc test, lower muscle strength of lower limbs and worse functional capacity in the Sit and Stand Test in 30 seconds, lower strength grip and greater pain intensity in individuals with AC + BM-AF when compared with individuals with BC + BM-AF and with AC + A-AF. In addition, the AC + BM-AF group presented lower static muscular resistance in the Bilateral Shoulder Abduction and 90º Knee Hip Flexion positions of the Dominant Limb when compared to the BC + BM-AF group. By calculating Pearson's correlation coefficient, a moderate significant correlation was found between kinesiophobia and variables of the physical-functional profile. Multiple linear regression showed that kinesiophobia is related to physical-functional profile variables. Conclusion: Higher kinesiophobia scores are related to worse physical-functional profile in individuals with inflammatory arthritis. In addition, there is a significant interaction between kinesiophobia and level of physical activity, in which the combination of a high level of kinesiophobia and a low to moderate level of physical activity negatively influences the physical-functional profile in subjects with inflammatory arthritis. The data obtained in the study may contribute to obtaining health indicators for individuals with rheumatic diseases in regular health care and are relevant for the development of health services management strategies.