HEGEMONIA E CONTRA-HEGEMONIA NAS POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS: O CASO DO NOVO ENSINO MÉDIO E DA BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR (BNCC)

Abstract

This work focuses on the dispute for hegemony in the educational policy of High School, and belongs to the Research Line “History, Policies, Education” of the Postgraduate Program in Education at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (PPGEdu/FAED/UFMS). The general objective is to analyze the power relations in the dispute for hegemony in High School, particularly in the context of the processing of Provisional Measure Nº 746/2016 and in the process of elaboration and approval of the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). The thesis of this research argues that the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff (PT) initiated a period of accelerated dismantling of the social rights achieved in the Federal Constitution of 1988, as a result of the change in the power relations in the dispute for hegemony. In the educational field, the main consequences were the approval of the reform of High School and the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). The analysis of the object observes the precepts of historical and dialectical materialism, as defined by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, supported by the categories of Antonio Gramsci, especially those of organic intellectual, hegemony and power relations. The research, of a bibliographic and documentary nature, had as a preliminary stage the analysis of the production on the object of study, followed by the selection and analysis of documentary sources. The research documents were all obtained online, accessing the official websites of the National Congress and of the organizations that disputed hegemony in this context. Based on the development of the analysis, it was possible to show that the strategies put into practice by the counter-hegemony were not enough to change the power relations in the educational field, with the hegemonic projects being approved, despite resistance. We understand that these setbacks are not out of step with the set of defeats of the left since 2016, and that this is just one of the policies defended by the ruling class in the face of a change in the pattern of accumulation, resulting from the worsening of the structural crisis of capitalism. In this way, the advance of hegemony neutralized counter-hegemonic strategies in the economic, political and educational fields.