TUTELA DOS POVOS INDÍGENAS SOB PERSPECTIVA DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS E A DEMARCAÇÃO DE TERRAS INDÍGENAS TRATADA PELA LEI 14.701 DE 202

Abstract

The study examines the evolution and importance of human rights with a focus on the protection of Brazil's indigenous peoples, especially in light of the current difficulties these groups face. The discussion on the General Theory of Human Rights covers civil and political rights, economic, social, and cultural rights, as well as collective rights such as the right to peace and a healthy environment. The research employs qualitative methods, such as literature review and data from sources and legislation, including the Brazilian Constitution, international treaties, and studies on the state of indigenous lands and communities. The results show that despite legal improvements, indigenous peoples still face significant obstacles, such as persistent territorial conflicts, threats to their territorial rights, and inadequate public services. To break the cycles of social exclusion and ensure the protection of indigenous human rights, inclusive public policies, infrastructure investments, professional training in healthcare and education, and access to land are necessary for the realization of indigenous rights.