COMPONENTES GENÉTICOS SOBRE A RESISTÊNCIA E SUSCEPTIBILIDADE DE BOVINOS AO CARRAPATO RHIPICEPHALUS (BOOPHILUS) MICROPLUS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

Abstract

The cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, is considered one of the biggest problems in the beef and dairy cattle production chain. Its parasitism generates economic losses that extend across various production sectors, causing damage to the animals' skin and transmitting diseases that can lead to death. Although there are ways to control this ectoparasite, whether through chemical means or vaccines, they are not sufficient to manage breeds that are more susceptible to the tick. A viable solution is the use of genomic selection, which allows the identification of genetically superior animals for several characteristics of economic interest. To do this, it is necessary to have genetic information about any characteristics of interest. A good way to obtain this information is by developing Systematic Reviews on the subject, compiling the various data in the literature and providing safer answers. In view of the above, the objective was to carry out a Systematic Literature Review in order to elucidate which genetic components are responsible for the resistance and/or susceptibility of beef and dairy cattle to the Rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus tick. The first step consisted of searching scientific articles in four databases: Scopus, CAB Direct, PubMed and Web of Science. In these searches, 26,526 studies were found, which were subjected to two screening stages. In the first screening stage, articles were evaluated only by title. In the second, the remaining articles were evaluated by title and abstract, in pairs. Then, data from the remaining articles was completely collected and all works underwent another peer review. Therefore, the remaining 29 articles underwent quality assessment using the CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme) method. The quality assessment of the Systematic Review was carried out using JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. We found 93 differentially expressed genes, 11 SNPs, nine QTLs, 2 genotypes and 20 haplotypes. Most of these components found are related to the host's immunological and allergic responses. The most resistant breeds used in studies were Brahman and Nelore.