O ENSINO DE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO ENSINO MÉDIO: UMA PROPOSTA DE SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA

Abstract

This paper aims to present a didactic sequence proposal (SD) on the nuclear physics theme intended for high school (EM). Its relevance is based on the need to introduce topics of Modern and Contemporary Physics (FMC) provided for in the Common Curriculum National Base (BNCC) for Basic Education (EB), a document that has a normative character and defines the organic and progressive set of essential learning which students should develop throughout EB stages and modalities, including skills related to understanding the physical, technological world and the transformations promoted by science over time. In our investigation, we observe that there is a lack of teaching materials that address nuclear physics in a contextual way and the difficulty in connecting these concepts, in an attractive way, with the reality of EM. For this work, we seek to make a contribution to remedy this problem in the field of teaching identified by us, so that the insertion of such a theme is effective in the schools of the EM. In the SD development, we adopt a methodological perspective in the Science, Technology and Society (CTS) approach; we believe that this approach is especially relevant to nuclear physics teaching, as it allows students to understand the relationships between scientific concepts, technological developments such as power generation and medical applications, and associated social and ethical impacts, such as the question of nuclear weapons and debates on the use of nuclear energy, enabling critical and citizen formation. As final results, we present a Nuclear Physics SD from a CTS approach; an analysis of the material produced was carried out within this approach; in our perspective the material proved to be adequate, presenting the main characteristics of the approach.