PREVALÊNCIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS A COINFECÇÃO EM PACIENTES HOSPITALIZADOS POR COVID-19

Abstract

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus two (SARS Cov-2) is the cause of the new coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in humans and was responsible for the recent Public Health Emergency of International Concern (ESPII). With the Covid-19 pandemic, other pathogens have continued to be dangerous and worrying, and can easily infect people already infected with SARS Cov-2. Therefore, the present study aims to estimate the hospital prevalence of infection by other microorganisms in patients hospitalized with Covid-19 and identify the factors associated with co-infection. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, clinical-epidemiological study, with a quantitative approach using data from medical records of patients admitted to hospitals in Mato Grosso do Sul. Results: The prevalence of co-infection was 20% (18.58% - 21.42% ), the average age of the participants was 55.7 years. Patients with co-infection were, on average, five years older. The variables associated with co-infection were: race (p-value < 0.001), clinical spectrum at admission (p-value < 0.001), admission to the ICU (p-value <0.001), use of ventilation (p-value <0.001), comorbidities (p-value<0.001) and death (p-value<0.001). The variables most likely to present co-infection were: Admission to ICU with 9.52 times more chances (95%CI: 5.67 - 16.45), invasive ventilation with 7.49 times more chances (95%CI: 3.65 - 15.81) in relation to those who were not subjected to ventilation. Admission to the ICU was 3.88 times more likely (95% CI: 2.17 - 7.11) and use of non-invasive ventilation was 2.53 times more likely (95% CI: 1.50 - 4.31). Conclusion: These results show the importance of identifying coinfection in patients with Covid-19, as a significant number of these patients may have coinfection. Understanding the multiple faces of Covid-19 and the factors associated with co-infection can guide the best therapeutic approach and more effective interventions.