PACIENTES COM CÂNCER: UM DESAFIO PARA FAMILIARES E PROFISSIONAIS DA SAÚDE

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer is a growing global challenge that affects public health due to high mortality and incidence rates, worsened by late diagnosis and difficulty in accessing necessary care. Aging, lifestyle, genetic and environmental factors are associated with the development of cancer, worsening the condition of patients, many of whom suffer from intense pain (INCA, 2022; GADELHA, 2019). Physical activity is a relevant intervention in cancer treatment, as it reduces discomfort, prevents complications and improves the physical mobility of cancer patients. It highlights the importance of exercising for improvements and prevention of various diseases. Objective: To analyze the impacts of including physical activity, checking the levels of emotional well-being, reduction of symptoms of depression and anxiety, and improvement in the quality of life perceived by these patients in different phases of treatment. Methodology: It is a literary review, in the last five years in the SciELO, MEDLINE, VHL databases using descriptors such as cancer “AND” exercises “OR” health professionals “AND” treatment. The inclusion criteria cover articles available in full, in Portuguese, while excluding books, theses and others not related to the topic. Results: The study literature highlights that physical activity has positive effects on patients undergoing cancer treatment, resulting in a reduction in depression symptoms, improved mood, sleep quality, appetite and self-esteem. They are identified as having an impact on both physical and psychological health during treatment. According to (WENNERBERG et al., 2020), physical activity slows the progression of the disease, reducing further complications and side effects related to treatment, thus being a great positive point for controlling the disease. Conclusion: By recognizing the beneficial effects of physical activity on mental health, research seeks to fill gaps to improve care and therapeutic approaches for these patients.