Viabilidade econômica de irrigação por pivô central e balanço de nutrientes com cultivos de milho, feijão-caupi e soja

Abstract

The use of irrigation increases productivity, reduces vulnerability to drought and climate variation, and increases agricultural production. The objective of this work was to verify the economic viability of the implantation of center pivot irrigation in corn, cowpea and soybean crops. For the study, an area irrigated by a center pivot of 50 ha was considered, simulating rotational cultivation in the region of Paraíso das Águas, MS. The historical average ET0 of the region of 8 mm day-1 was considered for project design and irrigation management. Financial indicators were calculated based on technical cultivation coefficients for the region. In general, it was observed that, on average, 62.1% of the total production costs of the agricultural system of corn, cowpea and soybeans are allocated to preparation, planting, cultural practices and harvesting, and 34.8% are allocated to irrigation (investment in hydraulic equipment and infrastructure, energy, depreciation and maintenance). The profitability (NPV) of the corn, cowpea and soybean crops were R$ 360.33, R$ 1798.41 and, R$ 2052.97 ha-1 respectively. The same as R$ 4063.86 ha-1 year-1. Value that provides gain for the producer, generating employment and development for the region. The implementation of a 50 ha center pivot irrigation system is feasible for the cultivation of corn, cowpea and soybeans, considering a 4-year and 9 months horizon of return on capital investment, under the conditions of the study. Keywords: Cost of production. Precision irrigation. economic profitability