TRIAGEM PARA ATIVIDADE ANTICÂNCER E TOXICIDADE DE EXTRATOS DE TRÊS ESPÉCIES DO GÊNERO Campomanesia

Abstract

Plants of the genus Campomanesia ssp belong to the Myrtaceae family, with 36 known species, 31 of them in the Brazilian flora and are producers of substances with important biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial and also antioxidant activities. We selected three species of the genus Campomanesia ssp, C. adamantium; C. pubescens and C. sessiliflora, which are more frequent in the Cerrado of MS, for toxicity and anticancer activity studies. Thus, the anticancer activity and toxicity screening of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of leaves from C. adamantium, C. pubescens and C. sessiliflora species was performed using monolayer cell culture model in human neoplastic and non-neoplastic cell lines: 786-0 (renal adenocarcinoma), HEP-G2 (hepatocarcinoma - liver), HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), MDA-MB- 231 (triple-negative breast adenocarcinoma) and NIH-3T3 ( murine fibroblast), by sulforrodamine B method, and apoptotic activity was evaluated by fluorescent dye labeling. Two strains were selected for apoptosis evaluation with ethidium bromide and acridine orange (786-0 and MDA-MB-231). The ethanolic extract of C. adamantium showed antiproliferative effect and apoptosis stimulation at the highest concentration tested in both cell lines while the aqueous extract was inactive. The species C. pubescens showed cytotoxic activity against cancer cells, with aqueous extract: 786-0 (69.18 µg/mL), MDA-MB-231 (66.65 µg/mL) and HEPG2 (69.43 µg/mL), without toxicity against NIH/3T3 cells (158.02 µg/mL) , but without apoptosis stimulating activity for aqueous and ethanolic extracts. The species C. sessiliflora, ethanolic extract, showed more prominence with apoptosis stimulation against 786-0 (116.25 µg/mL) and MDA-MB-231 (196.42 µg/mL) cancer cells, presenting relative toxicity against non-tumor cells. These results demonstrate the heterogeneity of compounds among the aqueous and ethanolic extracts and among the species, with indication of causing cellular damage with apoptosis stimulation. The species studied present potential for further studies to elucidate the toxicity and anticancer activity. Keywords: Campomanesia, cancer, cytotoxicity