Cobertura e Ações da Gestão do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional em Mato Grosso do Sul, 2009-2019

Abstract

The Food and Nutrition Surveillance System aims to provide data on the nutritional and food situation of users of the Unified Health System for the formulation of actions, programs and policies aimed at both the promotion of adequate and healthy food, as well as the prevention and treatment of nutritional disorders. It is an important support tool for the Family Health Strategy teams to organize local nutritional care actions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the temporal trend of coverage of the system and to identify the actions developed by the management that enhance this coverage. It is an analytical, quantitative, ecological and cross-sectional research with primary and secondary data collection. Primary data were collected through an electronic questionnaire applied to municipal coordinators of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System authorized by their Health Secretaries from 2021 to 2022. Secondary data came from SISVAN web, collected in 2021, from public reports according to the weight-for-height indicator, and restricted access to coverage of food consumption markers, authorized by the State Department of Health of Mato Grosso do Sul, for children under 5 years of age, and population estimates from the Ministry of Health for the respective year. Data were analyzed using STATA 13.0 statistical software. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the temporal trend of nutritional status and logistic regression was used to associate the variables. 43.03% (n=34) of the municipalities in Mato Grosso do Sul participated in the study. There was a temporal trend towards increased coverage of nutritional status indicators. A minority of coordinators use the system to support management actions. Among the municipalities that had sufficient anthropometric equipment, the chance of having nutritional status coverage above the national average was 6 times (p 0.043), 5 times for those that had equipment in good conditions of use (p 0.021) and printed forms (p 0.046) and 4 times for those who received training (p 0.047) these variables increased coverage for nutritional status. As for the coverage for food consumption markers, it was observed that those municipalities that received training for markers had a chance of having coverage above the national average was 4 times, with a marginal significance (p 0.059). Lack of training (p 0.059), insufficient number of professionals (p 0.046) and work overload (p 0.046) were difficulties identified with a negative association with food consumption coverage. There was a tendency to increase coverage for nutritional status, but it is necessary to value the VAN as a management tool, greater commitment by managers in the availability of resources for structure and training of coordinators of the Food and Nutritional Surveillance System, strengthening the Health Strategy teams of the Family in directing local food and nutrition actions so that they can carry out the activities recommended in the care management and production cycle.