Cuidado farmacêutico em uma unidade de terapia intensiva no enfrentamento à COVID-19 em um hospital privado de Campo Grande/MS

Abstract

The clinical pharmacist is one of the professionals who has been standing out in intrahospital care, especially in the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up of critically ill patients. COVID-19 was one of the great challenges for the entire multiprofessional team, since the pandemic directly affected the tertiary health system, generating results in the world. In patients who present conditions, such as the fall of the oxygen device, they may evolve with the response and the therapy needing more severe treatment for the intensive care units (ICU). The attention of the clinical patient is necessary for the follow-up of patients in order to ensure the safety of the drug chain and contribute to the best clinical results. The objective of the study was to identify and evaluate aspects such as sex, age, presence of comorbidities, clinical and pharmaceutical aspects and to evaluate pharmaceutical interventions made in patients with a positive diagnosis for COVID-19 adapted therapies in an intensive unit, from March to June from 2020, in a private hospital in Campo Grande/MS. To carry out the data collection, a specific data collection instrument was used for a researcher filled in by the researcher from the patients' records. This was a descriptive, observational study with an analytical approach. Fifty-eight patients participated, 72.41% male, 48.27% aged between 60 and 79 years old, 36.2% were obese and 80.95% of those obese had at least one comorbidity. The length of hospital stay was on average ±17.2 days, and 34.48% progressed to death. A total of 104 pharmaceutical interventions related to antimicrobial drug therapy were analyzed, with the adjustment of treatment time being the most frequent (17.30%) and a cost reduction after interventions of R$ 25,195.76, thus totaling a savings of 80.99%. Pharmaceutical interventions performed in general class drugs (except antimicrobials and antifungals) accounted for 180 interventions, of which 96.55% of patients had at least one pharmaceutical intervention and 100% were accepted by the prescribing physician. The study concludes that the COVID-19 pandemic was a milestone in health care in general, especially on the role of the clinical pharmacist in the care monitoring of patients hospitalized in the ICU, highlighting the importance of the presence of the clinical pharmacist in individualized care and patient-centered within an intensive care unit.