Estudo da prevalência de anomalias dentárias em uma população de 9 a 18 anos pela análise de radiografias panorâmicas

Abstract

The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies, among these the dental agenesis and the taurodontism in patients between 9 and 18 years old, from Campo Grande-MS, through the analysis of panoramic x-rays, from 2009 to 2010. The aim was to evaluate the presence of the relation of dental agenesis and taurodontism among male and female patients; to estimate the prevalence of the teeth that are mostly associated to the dental agenesis and to taurodontism concerning their position; and to check the prevalence of dental agenesis and taurodontism in relation to the jaws and their corresponding hemi-arcades. 1500 panoramic x-rays were analyzed, 55.8% male and 44.2% female. The sample values were statistically analyzed using the following tests: t-Student and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) to the significant level of 5%. The results found in patients with dental agenesis were 20.9% and with taurodontism 1.8% and the prevalence of dental agenesis was higher in female patients with 58.35%, the same happening with taurodontism 59.3%. The tooth that presented the highest frequency of dental agenesis was the third molar, followed by the second pre-molar, (with a higher frequency mainly among the lower teeth), and also upper lateral incisor and upper first pre-molar; as to taurodontism, the highest frequency was in the lower second pre-molar followed by the lower first pre-molar. The most frequent location of dental agenesis was in the upper jaw, in the first quadrant, and taurodontism appeared in the lower jaw in the third quadrant. We concluded that a high frequency of dental agenesis and a low frequency of taurodontism were found; in both cases there were no significant statistical differences in relation to gender. The analysis with the TStudent test - in the sample concerning the type of tooth, the location of the dental agenesis and the taurodontism - showed that there is no statistical difference in any of the comparisons.