Alterações nas concentrações de biomarcadores sanguíneos em ciclistas após competições de meiofundo e contra-relógio individual

Abstract

Cycling is understood as a long-term aerobic activity, and competition shows how considerable effort intensity is maintained for a long time, indicating specific physical preparation for both the maintenance of physical performance and for the integrity of the athletes' health in long term. The aim of the study was to compare the changes of blood biomarkers in cyclists after criterium competition and individual time trial (ITT). Included 20 trained athletes (35 ± 7.93 years old and 55.72 ± 6,83ml / kg / min of VO2max) who participated in two official competitions of the state calendar of Mato Grosso do Sul: a competition of criterium (duration of 98.45 ± 5.07 minutes) and an ITT (duration of 27,06 ± 2,49 minutes). Before and after each competition blood was collected from the antecubital region for analysis of hematological components, immune and muscle damage, and body weight;. and after also collected earlobe blood for blood lactate concentration, water consumption and average heart rate (HR) during the competition. Athletes decreased body weight (3,592 ± 2,963% in criterium and 0.193 ± 0.116% in ITT), lactate concentration above the anaerobic threshold (5.29 ± 2.46 in criterium and 10.42 ± 2,42mMol in ITT), and average HR of 88.2 ± . 4.0% in the criterium and 89.9 ± 0.7% of maximum HR in ITT. Hematological markers erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelets had increased after the two competitions; immunological markers leukocytes and lymphocytes were also increased, while eosinophils, basophils and monocytes did not change, and neutrophils fell after the criterium; and muscle damage markers creatine-kinase, AST and ALT were up after the two competitions. Thus it is concluded that the cycling competition in the forms of criterium and individual time trial, cause changes of these biomarkers after the effort, and this can be considered for the development of fitness in the long term.