Exposição a materiais biológicos: acidentes de trabalho atendidos em hospital universitário de Campo Grande/MS

Abstract

The accidents that take place in working environments are related to several risk factors, historically linked to the performence of workers and working conditions. The biological risk is certainly a negative difference for these professionals. The frequent contact with biological material and needlestick devices put these workers in constant risk of being involved in exposures. The blood is the most effective biological material in transmission of HIV and Hepatites B and C. The current study aims to characterize the occupational exposures with biological material reported in the Universitary Hospital (HU), from october 2004 to september 2010. This was an epidemiological study, descriptive, with data being collected since 2004, using the Project of Surveillance System form PSBio. The socio-demographic information of workers and features of accidental exposures were taken during the attendance of the accident. The sample population consisted of workers who sought care at NHU/UFMS after occupational exposures to biological material. As a result, there was predominantly a young female population with an average age of 33 years old, the average length of profession was 01 to 05 years. The percutaneous exposures caused by hollow-bore needles injury was most common, and the blood was the most reported biological material. Nursing was the main category involved in accidents. The fact that most caused percutaneous injuries was during and after the disposal of sharp items and devices according to Prevention Indicators of percutaneous exposures, most of these injuries could have be prevented. Among exposed workers, 35% were still suscetible to HBV infecction. The high dropout rate of follow-up is a cause for concern. There was no seroconversion to HIV, HBV or HCV among exposed workers who concluded the case.