Efeitos da incorporação de pontos de carbono sobre a matriz de óxido de grafeno reduzido no armazenamento de energia.

Abstract

The transition to renewable energy sources increases the demand for efficient energy storage systems. Supercapacitors stand out in this scenario due to their high power density and long cycle life; however, their low energy density motivates the search for new electrode materials. This work investigated the potential of aerographene (ArGO) and carbon dots (CDs) composites to overcome this limitation. Pure aerographene and composites with three different CDs mass ratios (1%, 5%, and 10%) were synthesized, subjected to thermal treatment, and morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge tests in a 1M H₂SO₄ electrolyte. The results demonstrate that thermal treatment and the incorporation of CDs significantly optimize performance. Specifically, the composite with 10% CDs submitted to thermal treatment achieved a specific capacitance of 625.13 F·g⁻¹ while maintaining electrochemical stability. The Ragone plot analysis confirmed typical supercapacitor behavior, positioning the developed materials as promising candidates for application in high-performance energy storage devices.