SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM ESTUDANTES DE ENFERMAGEM: CAUSAS, SINTOMAS E ESTRATÉGIAS DE PREVENÇÃO: REVISÃO NARRATIVA

Abstract

Introduction: Burnout Syndrome (BS), first described by Herbert Freudenberger in 1974, is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment resulting from chronic stress related to work or academic demands. Among nursing students, BS has become an increasing concern due to academic overload, performance pressure, and early exposure to human suffering during clinical training. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the main causes, symptoms, and prevention strategies related to BS among nursing students. Materials and Method: This study was conducted as a narrative review. Articles published between 2020 and 2025 were analyzed and selected from the SciELO, BVS, and LILACS databases. The findings indicate a significant prevalence of Burnout among students, with symptoms such as persistent fatigue, sleep disturbances, and lack of motivation. Results: The main causes include excessive workload, emotional demands, and insufficient institutional support. Preventive strategies highlighted in the literature involve psychological support programs, promotion of self-care, and revision of academic policies. Conclusion: It is concluded that preventing BS requires joint efforts from students, educators, and administrators in order to foster healthier and more resilient professionals.