PERFIL SOCIAL, EPIDEMIOLÓGICO E CLÍNICO DE PESSOAS VIVENDO COM COINFECÇÃO LV-HIV/AIDS NO MATO GROSSO DO SUL

Abstract

Visceral Leishmaniasis is the most frequent neglected tropical disease, more frequently known as opportunistic disease, associated with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. The geographic overlap of visceral leishmaniasis and the human immunodeficiency virus has greatly contributed to an increase in the number of occurrences . If left untreated, the coinfection of visceral leishmaniasis and HIV/AIDS may lead to death in 90% of the cases. The purpose of this study is to outline the epidemiological profile of patients under treatment for such coinfection as well as to accentuate the role played by nurses in preventing the problem and promoting healthcare. This is a retrospective, transversal and descriptive study which is based on data of single-day AIDS hospitalizations (non-conventional hospitalization) obtained from electronic medical records (AGHUX), sectorial logbooks and the admittance regulation system from January 2018 and June 2023. The data was collected in the time period spanning from May 2018 through June 2023 and then laid out on Excel as well as analysed through descriptive statistics. Of the 112 cases under analysis, it was observed that coinfection is predominant in males (71,4%), in individuals in the 40-59 age demographics (61,95%), in mixed-race patients (52%) and in residents of urban areas (88,5%). Liposomal amphotericin B was the first choice for treatment in 100% of the cases. As for the clinical evolution, there was 59,8% of recurrence of the coinfection, 21,4% of patients abandoned treatment, 10,7% was discharged and 8% died. The high rate of recurrence of the coinfection and abandonment of treatment evidences how important it is for healthcare professionals to monitor patients in order to increase therapeutic adherence. In conclusion, outlining the epidemiological profile of coinfected patients allows the identification of more vulnerable groups, which contributes to design oriented intervention by nurses in primary healthcare units with the goal to lower complications of the coinfection, to prevent new cases, to enhance adherence with treatment and elevate people’s life quality.