ASPECTOS SOCIODEMOGRAFICOS E COMORBIDADES DE GESTANTES E PUERPERAS CONVIVENDO COM HIV/AIDS EM HOSPITAL DE ENSINO

Abstract

The HIV/AIDS epidemic has been a major public health challenge in Brazil and worldwide in recent years, marked by inequalities across various social groups. This study aims to describe the sociodemographic aspects and associated comorbidities of pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV admitted to a teaching hospital, contributing to the improvement of care strategies. This is a documentary, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study based on 52 medical records of pregnant and postpartum women diagnosed with HIV and hospitalized between July 2024 and July 2025. Patients with reactive rapid tests and/or confirmed HIV records (ICD B24) were included. Data were analyzed descriptively using the EPI INFO 7.2.6 program, considering sociodemographic, clinical, and care-related variables. Results showed that 78.9% of participants were aged 18–35 years, 69.2% self-identified as brown, 44.2% had low education levels (up to incomplete high school), and 44.2% were single. High-risk prenatal care was predominant (84.6%), and 88.4% used Dolutegravir, Tenofovir, and Lamivudine, with regular adherence in 59.6% of cases. The most prevalent coinfection was syphilis (19.2%), followed by diabetes and drug use (11.5%). Detectable viral load was observed in 38.5% of participants, and CD4 ≥500 cells/mm³ in 27%. The findings indicate that social, racial, and educational inequalities influence access, therapeutic adherence, and pregnancy outcomes, reinforcing the need for integrated care strategies and health equity.