O Fenômeno de Ouvir Vozes a Partir da Perspecitiva Histórico-Cultural: Um Estudo Bibliográfico

Abstract

Situated within the Historical-Cultural Psychology framework, this study examines the experience of hearing voices, situates the phenomenon historically, and questions the primacy of a biomedical framing. The aim is to articulate more inclusive understandings and care pathways by drawing on defectology and pathopsychology to foreground social, cultural, and dialogical mediations. Specifically, we explore how Historical-Cultural Psychology interprets voice-hearing vis-à-vis biomedical approaches and systematize experiences from a Hearing Voices Group within a public mental-health service, highlighting implications for care. Methodologically, an analytic-qualitative trajectory combined a critical review of classic and contemporary works, conceptual contrast between explanatory models, and the systematization of lived experiences in the group. From this trajectory emerge central insights regarding the historical-cultural plurality of voice-hearing, the limits of medicalization and an exclusive focus on pharmacotherapy, and the generative potential of group settings to reframe experience, strengthen bonds, and support coping strategies such as dialoguing with voices, keeping written records, and activating support networks. As a contribution, the study invites reflection on clinical and community practices across Brazil’s Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS), underscoring dialogical, anti-stigma, and culturally sensitive approaches, alongside the strengthening of longer-duration groups and ongoing team training.