Análise de Cenários de Investimento em Sistemas Fotovoltaicos e em Veículos Elétricos por Consumidores Residenciais: Uma Revisão e Atualização

Abstract

This study presents a comparative economic feasibility analysis of three investment alternatives for residential consumers: replacing combustion vehicles with electric vehicles (EVs), installing grid-connected photovoltaic systems (SFCR), and combining both technologies (SFCR + EV). The analysis was based on real energy consumption data, investment costs, and current economic rates, considering both cash and financed purchase options. Using Python simulations, key financial indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period were obtained. Results show that all alternatives are economically feasible, with the combined scenario (SFCR + EV) demonstrating the highest synergy and profitability, maintaining a positive cash flow from the first year and IRR exceeding 30% in optimal conditions. The study highlights the potential of these technologies to reduce costs and promote sustainable energy transition in the Brazilian residential sector.