ÓBITO POR INFECÇÃO BACTERIANA EM PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS PEDIÁTRICOS: ESTUDO CASO-CONTROLE

Abstract

Objectives: to analyze factors associated with death from bacterial infection in pediatric cancer patients. Methods: epidemiological case-control study with pediatric patients with bacterial infection undergoing treatment at the Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Treatment Center between 2019 and 2023. Pairing was done by convenience of the total sample, with three controls for each case. The study variables were sociodemographic, health status, and hospitalization. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between death and bacterial infection. Results: 23 cases and 46 controls were included in the study (ratio 1:3). The analysis identified variables associated with a higher chance of death from bacterial infection among patients undergoing cancer treatment, with hematological cancer (OR: 7.05; 95% CI: 1.10-44.92; p=0.038), central venous catheter (ORaj.:1.36; 95% CI:1.08-170.18; p=0.043), and ICU admission (ORaj.:7.57; 95% CI: 1.61-34.51; p=0.010). These variables were identified and associated with death from bacterial infections, especially in patients with hematological malignancies, who were at greater risk compared to patients with solid tumors, as well as those with central venous catheters compared to peripheral catheters and patients requiring intensive care. Conclusion: This study provided theoretical support for identifying the determinants of death from bacterial infection in pediatric cancer patients undergoing treatment, highlighting the importance of further studies and differentiated protocols for surveillance and early management to reduce morbidity and mortality in these patients.