ANÁLISE DOS MECANISMOS DE CONTROLE E FISCALIZAÇÃO PREVISTOS NO REGULAMENTO EUDR (UE 2023/1115) PARA COMBATER O DESMATAMENTO ASSOCIADO À PRODUÇÃO DE MADEIRA

Abstract

This study analyzed the control and monitoring mechanisms established by Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 (EUDR), aimed at combating deforestation linked to the production and trade of wood and other forest-risk commodities. The main objective was to understand the regulatory foundations, application structure, and impacts of this new European framework on international trade, particularly on Brazilian exporters. The research was carried out through bibliographical and documentary review, drawing from European Union legislation, technical reports, academic articles, and national environmental standards. The analysis revealed that the EUDR consolidates a new model of global environmental governance based on transparency, traceability, and shared responsibility, integrating economic, legal, and technological dimensions. The regulation introduces the principle of mandatory due diligence, requiring operators and traders to prove that their products do not originate from areas deforested after December 31, 2020. This obligation demands the implementation of geospatial monitoring systems, independent audits, and recognized environmental certifications, creating an unprecedented standard for sustainable trade. In the Brazilian context, compatible legal instruments were identified, such as the Forest Code, the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR), the National Forest Origin Control System (Sinaflor), and the Forest Origin Document (DOF). However, the study identified major challenges, including fragmented data systems, insufficient enforcement, lack of regular auditing, and limited technical and financial capacity among small producers. Findings indicate that Brazilian exporters’ compliance with the EUDR will depend on the integration of legislation, technology, and environmental certification to ensure full traceability and reliability of documentation. Effective alignment with European requirements will require institutional cooperation, technological innovation, and the strengthening of forest governance. Although compliance entails initial adaptation costs and technical barriers, it also offers strategic opportunities for enhancing Brazil’s environmental reputation, promoting bioeconomic development, and improving the competitiveness of sustainable value chains. It is concluded that the EUDR represents more than a trade regulation: it is a transformative framework redefining the relationship between commerce and the environment, driving a global transition toward a transparent, lawful, and sustainable economic model.