A ILHA DE CALOR COMO RISCO E VULNERABILIDADE SOCIOAMBIENTAL EM TRÊS LAGOAS/MS

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the thermal field of Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul, to identify social groups at risk and socio-environmental vulnerability to the urban heat island from January to June 2025. Brazilian cities are becoming more urbanized, and socio-environmental planning is necessary to ensure sustainable development and quality of life. According to data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE, 2022), the Brazilian urban population increased from 34.3% in the 1940s to 87,4 % in 2022. In this sense, to meet the general and specific objectives, this study is based on the theory of the Urban Climate System (UCS) by Monteiro (1975) and the Urban Socio-Environmental System (UHS) by Mendonça (2004, 2004a), in addition to the classification of the intensity and magnitude of the heat island by Fernández García (1996). The methodological procedures involved measuring air temperature at five fixed points (Urban Center, Santos Dumont neighborhood, Gated Community, Vila Haro, and nearby rural areas), with subsequent data processing using specific applications. The socioeconomic analysis was based on the Ortiz Porangaba income map (2024) and the Brito land use and land occupation map (2025), resulting in the creation of tables, graphs, and maps aimed at identifying the city's most vulnerable socioeconomic segments. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two residents of the Santos Dumont and Vila Haro neighborhoods, targeting different socioeconomic segments and analyzing the sociospatial and climatic experiences in these spaces. The results identified heat islands at all analyzed points, with intensities of 8.5°C in the Urban Center, 7.9°C in the Gated Community, 6.6°C in the Santos Dumont neighborhood, and 6.5°C in Vila Haro. These results demonstrated heat islands classified as very strong. Thus, based on socioeconomic data, the Santos Dumont and Vila Haro neighborhoods were selected by different income segments, identifying that Vila Haro is at risk and socioenvironmental vulnerability to heat islands in the city of Três Lagoas. Adaptation and resilience measures should be adopted to promote sustainable urban planning, prepare the population for extreme events, encourage ecologically efficient construction, and invest in environmental education.