Cirurgia Segura: Evidências sobre a Implementação e Impactos da Lista de Verificação na Prática Assistencial

Abstract

Introduction: The Safe Surgery Checklist, proposed by the World Health Organization, is a standardized, multidisciplinary instrument aimed at promoting more effective care practices and mitigating errors in surgical procedures. This study aims to identify the available evidence in the scientific literature on the effects of implementing the Safe Surgery Checklist in preventing adverse events and promoting patient safety in hospital surgical settings. Method: This is an integrative literature review conducted in the PubMed; SciELO; LILACS; and BVS databases, selecting articles published between 2013 and 2025 that met the previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The final sample consisted of 27 articles. Results: The results show that use of the checklist is associated with a reduction in adverse events, complications, and mortality, improved team communication, strengthened safety culture, improved teamwork and collaboration, improved service organization, and standardized procedures. The key facilitators include team engagement and institutional support, quick and easy completion, continuous audits, ongoing education, adaptation of the checklist to institutional realities, inclusion in the electronic medical record, the presence of promotion leaders, and systematic monitoring of adherence. The main barriers, however, are related to resistance or low adherence among surgeons/physicians, lack of training and qualifications, work overload and time constraints, rigid hierarchy and lack of leadership, and incomplete or inadequate completion of the checklist. Final considerations: The Safe Surgery Checklist has significant positive effects in preventing adverse events and promoting patient safety in hospital surgical settings.