Poluição Sonora: necessidade de inclusão nos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Agenda 2030 da ONU

Abstract

These are three visions, not consensual, regarding noise pollution. The authors were concerned with presenting a multidisciplinary vision for understanding this phenomenon that is increasingly gaining ground in important sectors of society. The intention is to provide a minimal description of the phenomenon, by means of key concepts and characteristics. On one hand, people see in silence something more than simply the absence of noise, bordering, almost, on an idolatrous relationship; and, on the other, those who worship noise, or depend on it for the development of their economic activities. Even recognizing the freedom of both sides for their choices, there is no way to ignore the damage caused by Noise Pollution to the environment (fauna, flora, and humans) and that preventive measures need to be adopted in the field of education and public management in order to achieve a peaceful coexistence between these opposing poles. Noise pollution is understood as the emission of excessive noise, harmful to the physical and mental health of human beings, or by damages to the fauna, flora, natural resources, and cultural heritage. It is, after air and water pollution, the environmental problem that affects the largest number of people. It has been found in recent data that 10% of the world's population is vulnerable to noise damage because they are exposed to pressures that can cause noise-induced hearing loss. For some theorists, noise-induced hearing loss is a public health problem. Noise pollution is a problem that is present, especially in large cities, all over the world. It is a phenomenon that can be characterized as G-Local; it occurs in specific places, but with global characteristics. Because it is linked to places and events with a large agglomeration of people, it is more common in metropolises and appears linked to the development of socioeconomic and cultural activities. In this sense, this work has the following challenge: to show that noise pollution, although local, behaves as universal and cannot be overlooked by the International Agendas. It is imperative to recognize that the breadth of the subject does not allow it to remain outside discussions such as the Sustainable Development Goals defined by the UN.