A sustentabilidade da produção de energia elétrica por fontes renováveis em Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

The transition to renewable sources is necessary to reduce the environmental impacts of fossil fuels. This study analyzes the impacts of renewable energy from solar, wind, and biomass sources in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Using a multi-criteria decision-making approach, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats), the study evaluates the energy potentials and environmental impacts of each source. The results indicate the feasibility of implementing new renewable energy plants in the state, highlighting the key locations and conditions, as well as the associated negative impacts, which vary in degree depending on the type of generation chosen, the location, and the mitigation measures adopted. The state presents significant potential for renewable energy production, and this work contributes by reinforcing the production potential of biomass, wind, and photovoltaic energy, while also raising awareness of the environmental impacts related to air, water, and soil quality, as well as human health.