Um multimodal para a cidade fluvial

Abstract

The formation of the space is undetachable from the influence of the modes of production, it is shaped as a way of guaranteeing the development of these modes. The primitive mercantilist capitalism traced the Brazilian colony's spatial formation, and the industrialization brought to light the cities as we know it today. The capital's logic of primitive accumulation also introduced the “spatial annulation by the time”, which is revealed in the transportation infrastructures for supplies and resources. The way that these structures impact and can impact the life of people is a matter that must be debated and studied. In addition to sculpting the space, transforming the soil and the architecture into commodities is another inherent effect of the capitalist economic model. The rapprochement of Architecture, Utopia and Art - Art not as an object of speculation on its own market, but as a rupture of this kind of view - is an indispensable horizon to be looked at during this era which nature gives signs of fiery transformation. The changing of original nature into a constructed environment - a second nature - is a process that is replicated and interpreted by the artistic forms. In the same way, this production of a constructed environment happens as long as it manifests the aesthetical ideals of an era. The urban expansion of the 19th and 20th centuries led works from artists like Mondrian to mirror the era’s metropolitan dynamics and industrial reasoning in their works. This effect was brought along and expanded by the concrets, and then overcome by the brazilian neoconcrets as they were able to eliminate the boundaries between artwork and space. Lygia Clark's experimentations allowed the observer and artwork duality to be questioned, bringing the materiality of the artwork to the action carried out between subject and object, both transforming each other. The Brazilian space has been modified by the transportation infrastructure projects that aim the displacement of supplies all around the South American continent. The Malha Oeste railway is one of these objects. This railway project is supposed to run through the State of Mato Grosso do Sul from east to west toward Bolivia. The municipality of Aquidauana is one of the towns crossed by this infrastructure. The railway was the reason for the creation of a political border between Aquidauana and Anastacio, both municipalities that were once just one same town, formed in the surroundings of the Aquidauana river. The reactivation of the railway calls out for the necessity of rethinking and replanning of this project, embracing also the other infrastructures of the region, such as the waterway usage. The maintenance of the water bodies in urban areas is a fundamental circumstance because of this element's significance to the cities dynamics, specially concerning both Aquidauana and Anastacio municipalities that suffer from recurrent floods. This current work emerges after the development of a research that returned a proposal of urban requalification in the Aquidauana riverside. That proposal covered issues from land use to management of solid waste in urban areas nearby. In this context, the present work proposes the project of a multimodal terminal, placed between the two cities, that articulates the railway, the highway and the waterway.