Análise do Crescimento das Exportações de Soja e Milho em Mato Grosso do Sul (2002-2023)

Abstract

This study seeks to understand the structural challenges of the soybean and corn agro-export market in Mato Grosso do Sul, analyzing data on the production, export, and labor market of these commodities in the state. A descriptive quantitative approach is used to explore a time series from 2005 to 2023. The research also addresses tax regimes applied to the local agribusiness, providing a bibliographic basis to support the analysis. The theoretical foundation includes models of international trade, export base theories, and economic complexity, aiming to support the formulation of public policies and tackle barriers such as inadequate infrastructure and limits to industrialization. The study concluded that Mato Grosso do Sul faces significant challenges in industrialization and value addition within the soybean and corn supply chains. The production of these commodities remains concentrated in the export of raw materials, which accounted for 86.96% of total exports in 2023. The predominance of small establishments (81.23% with 1 to 9 employees) and the low representation of the industrial sector (23.42% of jobs) hinder the state’s integration into more advanced stages of the global production chain. The absence of specific fiscal policies for industrialization limits international competitiveness and the state's economic growth. The research highlights the need for more effective tax support to stimulate industrialization and diversification and suggests that the topic offers potential for future investigations.