Simulação dos Impactos da Inserção de Geradores Fotovoltaicos e de Armazenagem de Energia em um Sistema de Potência de Pequeno Porte

Abstract

Brazil is globally recognized for its predominantly renewable energy matrix, with hydroelectric plants playing a major role. In recent years, the advancement of photovoltaic technology and the country’s favorable geographical conditions — especially in the Northeast — have driven the expansion of solar generation across the nation. However, the integration of intermittent sources, such as solar power, poses significant challenges to the electrical system, requiring utilities to adopt technical and economic solutions that ensure grid stability and reliability. This work aims to analyze the impacts of integrating photovoltaic power plants into electric power systems through the simulation of the IEEE 9-bus system, composed of three generators and three loads. Using the MatLab software, different operating scenarios were simulated with and without Battery Energy Storage System or BESS (Battery Energy Storage Systems), considering load and generation data from the National System Operator (ONS). The obtained results demonstrate the effects of distributed generation on system stability and losses, as well as the potential of energy storage to mitigate voltage violations and improve power quality