Variação populacional de soja em função de zonas de manejo de menor fertilidade potencial

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max) is a legume of extreme importance to the Brazilian economy, seeking to increase productivity to meet global demands. The objective of this study is to define a methodology for sowing using VRT (Variable Rate Technology) based on the law of the minimum and to correlate the synergy between spatial variation in soil attributes and the productivity of different areas of soybean plants. The experiment was conducted at the Chapadão do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, campus. Treatments consisted of sowing rates varying by 20% more, 20% less, and not recommended by the genetic material manufacturers, i.e., sown using VRT. The area was sown in zones according to the identification of the most limiting element, potassium (K), along with the CTC. The management zones contained greater variations of 20% more seeds. The results were analyzed using multivariate statistics. The spatial variability of K, which was defined as limiting, influenced the spatial variability of grain yield by 4,907.84 kg ha-1. However, the increase in the plant population in the zone with the greatest limitations compromised grain yield as a consequence of intraspecific competition, in addition to increasing production costs due to increased seed consumption. Palavras-chave: Technology, variable rate, precision agriculture, spatial variability, geostatistics.