DIREITOS ABSTRATOS, DEVERES CONCRETOS” “CASAMENTO GAY”, FAMÍLIA E RELIGIÃO: UMA ANÁLISE DO PL 580/2007

Abstract

This dissertation investigates the political disputes surrounding "gay marriage," based on the intersections between gender, family, and religion present in Bill 580/2007, which proposes banning same-sex unions in Brazil. The chosen research method is a qualitative approach, with categorized material, intrinsic case study approaches, and Content Analysis (2011) to produce an exploratory mapping close to reality, based on comprehensive bibliographic research on same-sex unions in Brazil. The issues addressed align with the concerns arising from the political debates on "gay marriage" and the discussions emerging after the approval of Bill 580/2007 in the Committee on Social Security, Assistance, Childhood, Adolescence, and Family of the Chamber of Deputies, which proposes banning same-sex unions in Brazil. Based on this discursive practice, the study questions the tensions provoked in relation to the power mechanisms that normalize the subalternized subject in hegemonic Brazilian culture. The research documentation aims to conduct a systematic analysis of the public hearings held in the Chamber of Deputies Plenary and of Bill 580/2007, in addition to assessing the impact of the ban on "gay marriage" on Brazilian society, problematizing the concept of "marriage" and the impact of religious morality on the achievement of rights for the LGBTQIAPN+ population. The theoretical framework for the discussions is based on the field of Cultural Studies. The research results reveal that, although the Supreme Federal Court has promoted significant progress with the recognition of civil unions between same-sex couples in 2011, these rights remain vulnerable to the actions of conservative and religious groups in the National Congress, which mobilize discourses of moral panic and defense of the "traditional family" in an attempt to reverse the achievements of the LGBTQIAPN+ population. The analysis also highlighted the importance of affection as a legal basis, the centrality of the media as a field of symbolic dispute, and the lack of effective public policies aimed at the protection and full inclusion of these families. The research concludes that the legal recognition of same-sex unions should be understood not only as a legal issue, but as part of a broader struggle for sexual citizenship, dignity, and social justice. The research, developed during the master's program, is relevant in its contribution to the debate on the principles of equity and non-discrimination enshrined in the Brazilian Federal Constitution, by critically analyzing the political, legal, and cultural mechanisms that operate in the exclusion or recognition of the diverse family configurations existing in contemporary society.