Emissão de carbono do solo no período das águas e na seca em sistema de integração lavoura pecuária

Abstract

Crop-livestock integration works as a means of mitigating carbon emissions. Therefore, it is important to evaluate emissions in this system in very specific seasons that occur in the Brazilian Cerrado, the most important agricultural location in the country. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate carbon emissions (FCO2), soil temperature and moisture in an integrated crop-livestock system in summer and winter in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul. This experiment was carried out at Fazenda Campo Alegre, in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul. Carbon emissions (FCO₂), soil temperature and moisture were evaluated in an integrated crop-livestock-forestry (ILPF) system, in two distinct seasonal periods: winter (August) containing forage as soil cover and summer (December) with soybean cover, both evaluations occurred in 2024. For the in situ measurement of soil CO₂ emissions, 20 PVC rings were installed in each experimental area, 24 hours before data collection, and the quantification of FCO₂ was performed using the EGM-5 portable system. Simultaneously, soil temperature and moisture were monitored with a HydraProbe sensor attached to the equipment. The data obtained were subjected to mean comparison analysis. In addition, a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. The results showed that CO₂ emissions in the ILP system were higher in the summer, a period marked by higher humidity, which provides greater biological activity in the soil.