ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DOS INDICADORES DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR DURANTE E APÓS A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 NAS MACRORREGIÕES BRASILEIRAS

Abstract

This dissertation presents a comparative analysis of food security indicators in Brazil during and after the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2023), focusing on the country's macro-regions. The research adopts a quantitative approach, drawing on data from the Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA) and secondary sources such as IBGE, FAO, and SOFI reports. The objective is to identify regional disparities and trends in access to adequate food, using indicators related to accessibility, availability, and stability. The findings show that, despite some progress, significant inequalities remain, particularly in the North and Northeast regions, which exhibit the highest rates of severe food insecurity. The analysis highlights the need for sustainable and intersectoral public policies that address not only food supply but also income distribution, nutritional knowledge, and individual empowerment. The study concludes that overcoming hunger and food insecurity in Brazil requires an integrated approach grounded in human rights, social justice, and regional development.

Keywords: Food security, Food insecurity, COVID-19 pandemic, Public policies, Regional disparities, Capability approach.