ASPECTOS HISTÓRICOS DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O PROCESSO DE FUNDAÇÃO E IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA APAE DE CORUMBÁ (MS)

Abstract

This work is part of the Research Line “Policies, institutional practices and social exclusion/inclusion” of the Postgraduate Program in Education, Pantanal Campus/UFMS and its general objective is to analyze the process of implantation and implementation of the Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (APAE) of Corumbá (MS) in the historical context of Special Education in Brazil. Its specific objectives are: to understand APAE's relationship with education, looking for the place of schooling for people with special needs in that context; to understand APAE's work with the state, seeking to identify funding issues in what we call the public-private relationship; to identify the profile of care in its relationship with health; to identify APAE's relationship with FENAPAES and the political force involved in this relationship and present at different times in the history of Special Education in Brazil. The research is characterized as a documentary research, based on the nature of the source, which is the first Book of Minutes, which contains information on the work of this institution since its foundation in 1971, until the year 1990, which configured our time frame. The theoretical perspective adopted is historical-dialectical materialism, as we believe it is impossible to understand facts in isolation from their materiality. Its hypothesis is that the emergence and consolidation of APAE Corumbá is similar the formation of other APAEs in Brazil, and was the result of social, cultural and political experiences in the region at the time, whose transformations in our economy and society, together with foreign influence, contributed to its design and formation. The results showed that the institution was founded by a social elite with political influence and soon joined FENAPAES and received its guidelines from it. It received subsidies from the state through agreements and scholarships, as provided for in the LDB/61, as well as large amounts of money raised by mobilizing civil society, which always provided support. In schooling, the institution sought partnerships with civil society through volunteering and in health it invested considerable amounts to set up a Rehabilitation Center, demonstrating its attention to a medical model of disability.