CONSULTA DE ENFERMAGEM E TELEMONITORAMENTO PARA OAUTOCUIDADO APOIADO NO MANEJO DO DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is considered a Primary Care Sensitive Condition, which explains the importance of investing in actions beyond monitoring glycemic indices and giving medication. Moreover, as it is a chronic condition that represents one of the most significant public health challenges in Brazil and worldwide, it requires structured strategies for proper management. Objective: to evaluate the effects of telemonitoring nursing consultations, based on supported self-care, on managing type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Health Care. Method: A study was done in a capital city in Midwest Brazil between March and November 2023. Two Basic Health Units were chosen as comparator and intervention groups for convenience. The comparator group received the usual follow-up, while the intervention group got three nursing consultations based on supported self-care and two phone monitoring calls. All participants were subjected to laboratory and clinical analysis at pre- and post-intervention times. To this end, the research team created an instrument for the consultation and a physical record for each participant. Fifty-seven people participated in the study: 29 in the intervention group and 28 in the comparator group. Results: An instrument systematized nursing consultation based on supported self-care. It consisted of four forms: the first for the initial consultation, the second for the follow-up consultation, the third for telephone monitoring, and the fourth for the final consultation of the study. Among the biochemical variables, there was a statistically significant reduction in total cholesterol (p=0.004), VLDL (p=0.005), and triglyceride (p=0.017) levels in the intervention group. The intervention group also demonstrated a reduction in the average values of glycated hemoglobin, fasting glycemic, total cholesterol, and urea and an increase in the average HDL values. The intervention group showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.001) when comparing pre-and post-intervention values for self-care activities. In the analysis of the intervention group alone, there were statistically significant differences between the abdominal circumference and systolic blood pressure values in the pre-and postintervention analyses (z = 4.990, p 0.001, r = 0.93). Concerning the values of the indices indicative of insulin resistance, significant differences were observed between the pre-and postmoments. Conclusion: The study provides evidence that the intervention had positive effects on encouraging self-care among individuals with diabetes, as well as on the management and clinical improvement of the participants.