CORRELAÇÃO DOS ACHADOS CITOPATOLÓGICOS E INCIDÊNCIA DE HPV EM PREVENTIVOS ANAL

Abstract

Papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as the main cause of a subtype of anal cancer, the squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCC), being responsible for its carcinogenesis in the vast majority of cases. In cases where the infection is persistent, the virus can lead to the development of precursor dysplastic lesions, which, if not identified and treated, can progress to anal cancer. The objective of this study was to correlate the cytopathological findings and the incidence of HPV in preventive exams of the anal canal collected in liquid. A retrospective epidemiological study was conducted, including men and women aged over 18 years, who underwent anal cytology screening with a liquid-based Pap smear test in a coloproctology service from March 2020 to September 2022, with the approval of the UFMS Research Ethics Committee. As a result, it can be said that there was a significant association in the finding between the cytopathological results and the positivity of HPV-DNA (p=0.003), demonstrating that greater cytological changes in the anal canal can be evidenced in the presence of HPV-DNA. With the use of anal cytology as a means of prevention, it is possible to avoid the evolution of dysplastic lesions to anal SCC, helping in the screening of patients at risk and in the selection of patients to undergo more specific therapeutic modalities such as anal colposcopy, biopsies, excisions, and lesional cauterization.

Descriptors: Human Papillomavirus Infections; Anal Canal; Neoplasms of the anus; Pap test; Liquid Biopsy.