https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/8938 2026-04-18T18:42:25Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14328 Título: ANÁLISE MULTITEMPORAL DA COBERTURA VEGETAL NA ESEC SERRA DAS ARARAS (MT) UTILIZANDO O ÍNDICE DE VEGETAÇÃO POR DIFERENÇA NORMALIZADA (1986 – 2025) Abstract: Conservation Units are major pillars of in situ biodiversity preservation and, therefore, essential for the maintenance of ecosystem services (MEDEIROS; YOUNG, 2011; IPBES, 2019). According to Federal Law No. 9,985/2000 (SNUC), Art. 9, Ecological Stations are Conservation Units aimed at nature preservation and scientific research, where public visitation is prohibited except for educational purposes (BRASIL, 2000). Under this prerogative, the Serra das Araras Ecological Station contributes to the maintenance of the ecological integrity of the Cerrado (ICMBio, 2016). The present study analyzed the temporal dynamics of vegetation cover in the Serra das Araras Ecological Station, Mato Grosso, between 1986 and 2025, including a comparative evaluation between the Buffer Zone and the interior of the Conservation Unit. The methodology was based on the digital processing of images from the Landsat 5 satellite, referring to the year 1986 (USGS, 1986), and Landsat 8, referring to the year 2025 (USGS, 2025), with the application of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (ROUSE et al., 1973). From this procedure, vegetation cover maps of the conservation unit area and its surroundings were generated in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment using the QGIS software (QGIS DEVELOPMENT TEAM, 2024). The results reveal significant changes in the landscape, mainly in the Buffer Zone, where Dense Vegetation underwent retraction, declining from 36.28% to 14.57% of the total area. Concurrently, an expressive expansion of the Grassland class was observed, which came to represent 54.81% of the landscape in 2025, in addition to a 16.87% increase in Exposed Soil areas. The individualized analysis of the interior of the Conservation Unit demonstrated a distinct behavior, with a less intense retraction of Dense Vegetation and a reduction in areas classified as Exposed Soil, indicating greater ecological stability when compared to the surroundings. The significant decrease in dense forest in the Buffer Zone, combined with the fragmentation of vegetation cover, highlights the intensification of anthropogenic pressures around the unit. However, the results indicate that, despite the recorded losses, the core of the Ecological Station still maintains significant portions of tree cover, suggesting that the unit has relatively fulfilled its environmental protection function in the face of the transformations occurring in its surroundings. The study reinforces the relevance of the integrated use of remote sensing and geoprocessing techniques as accessible and efficient tools for environmental monitoring in time series, supporting conservation actions and decision-making. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/13915 Título: DESIGUALDADE SOCIOESPACIAL NO ACESSO À ÁGUA E ESGOTO NO BRASIL Abstract: Access to water and sewage services in Brazil are still marked by processes of sociospatial exclusion. In view of Law No. 11,445, dated January 5, 2007, which seeks to universalize access and effective service provision, this research intends to analyze the spatialization and socioeconomic characteristics of the locations served by sanitation infrastructure in the country. The research is based on data from the 2022 Demographic Census and uses indicators related to population composition, average income, and access to the general water supply network, sewage system, and lack of bathrooms and toilets. The methodology employs Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) techniques, using GeoDa and QGIS, with calculations of the Global and Local Moran Index (LISA), allowing the identification of autocorrelation patterns and territorial clusters. The results show strong regional inequalities. The North and Northeast regions have higher proportions of non-white populations, lower income levels, and worse sanitation indicators, including low percentages of coverage by the general water and sewage network and a higher occurrence of households without bathrooms. In contrast, the Southeast and South regions have higher average incomes and greater coverage of water and sewage services. Conditional maps reveal that income is the main determinant of access to sanitation, but its relationship with racial composition indicates overlapping vulnerabilities. The integrated analysis suggests the persistence of a sociospatial pattern of exclusion, revealing evidence of environmental racism and structural inequalities that affect access to water and sanitation. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/13857 Título: AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA DE LAGOAS FACULTATIVAS COM PÓS-TRATAMENTO POR LAGOAS DE AGUAPÉ Abstract: Stabilization ponds are a viable alternative for wastewater treatment due to their low operational and construction costs (Von Sperling, 2014). In this study, the objective is to present improvements in the wastewater treatment system of the city of Bodoquena, located in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, through the implementation of water hyacinths in existing full-scale maturation ponds, in order to comply with current regulations: CONAMA Resolution 430/11, CECA Deliberation 36/12, and Water Use Permit Ordinance No. 5750/2023. Analyses from the period between 2023 and 2024 were compiled to assess and compare the monthly results. The outcomes observed after the insertion of macrophytes were positive, given the increased efficiency of the analyzed parameters. Thus, for the wastewater treatment plant, the average efficiency was 81.1% for BOD, 79.9% for Settleable Solids, 68.0% for Oils and Greases, and 63.9% for Turbidity. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/13836 Título: Projetos de Engenharia Ambiental: A relação entre segurança no trabalho e sustentabilidade Abstract: A presente pesquisa analisou a interrelação entre a segurança no trabalho e as práticas sustentáveis em projetos de Engenharia Ambiental, investigando como os arcabouços legais e normativos vigentes estabelecem essa conexão. Por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, o estudo identificou a sinergia como uma exigência legal e técnica. Foi explorado como as Normas Regulamentadoras (NRs), especialmente a NR-4, NR-5, NR-6, NR-9, NR-15 e NR-18 , e as normas internacionais ISO 45001 (Segurança e Saúde Ocupacional) e ISO 14001 (Gestão Ambiental) regulam a atuação em áreas de risco e promovem a conservação ambiental e o bem-estar do trabalhador de forma integrada. Os resultados apontam que a sinergia entre as práticas sustentáveis e a segurança do trabalho em projetos de Engenharia Ambiental é indispensável. A conformidade com estas normas (NRs e ISOs) garante legalidade, promove a preservação do meio ambiente, assegura a saúde do trabalhador e consolida um modelo de desenvolvimento ético e eficiente, alinhado às exigências globais de sustentabilidade. Conclui-se que, embora a sinergia seja uma exigência legal e técnica, ela deve ser encarada como um diferencial estratégico. A sinergia, é a forma de alcançar a responsabilidade socioambiental exigida pelas leis, tratando a saúde do trabalhador e a proteção ambiental como objetivos inseparáveis de um projeto ético. Portanto, a abordagem integrada reduz acidentes, minimiza impactos sócio-ambientais, e aumenta a eficiência produtiva ao valorizar o bem-estar e a saúde do trabalhador. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z