https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/3937 2026-07-23T20:53:54Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14623 Título: Título ATIVIDADE MICROBIANA EM SOLO CULTIVADO COM MILHO EM ÁREA COM DIFERENTES COBERTURAS VEGETAIS ANTECESSORAS. Abstract: Soil microbial attributes, besides being important bioindicators used in monitoring environmental changes, can also guide the planning and management to be adopted in a given agricultural activity. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate soil microbial activity in an area cultivated with corn, which received different preceding cover crops. The experiment was established in a no-till system, with soybean/corn rotation. A randomized complete block design was used with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of the cover crops sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), sunn hemp (Crotalaria ochroleuca), pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum), Urochloa ruziziensis, piatã grass (U. brizantha cv. Piatã), forage radish (Raphanus sativus L.), brizantha grass (U. brizantha cv. Xaraés), pearl millet + forage radish, and fallow. The corn crop was established over the cover crops in the 2019/20 harvest season. The corn crop plots consisted of five rows of five meters in length. Corn growth characteristics, soil carbon, and microbial respiration were evaluated. The highest values for soil carbon were obtained in the pearl millet (12.75%) and U. ruziziensis (11.87%) covers. Pearl millet also reached the highest value for microbial respiration (7.75 mg C-CO2 100 g soil-1). The greatest corn plant height was achieved in the piatã cover, with 2.82 m. The covers with piatã and U. brizantha provided the largest stem diameter, with 23.43 and 22.41 mm, respectively. The greatest first ear insertion height was observed for the piatã and U. ruziziensis covers. It was concluded that cover crops influence soil carbon and microbial activity, with pearl millet being the cover that provides the highest microbial respiration. Corn growth characteristics were favored by Brachiaria cover crops. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14604 Título: ESPECTROSCOPIA VIS-NIR-SWIR, INDICADORES MICROBIANOS E CLASSIFICAÇÃO DO USO DO SOLO UTILIZANDO MODELOS DE APRENDIZADO DE MÁQUINA Abstract: Soil microbiology demands analytical methods and non-destructive techniques in laboratory analyses that are capable of evaluating soil quality and its microbiological markers. Therefore, spectral sensing, which is widely used in agriculture as an effective and precise tool for agricultural diagnosis, associated with machine learning techniques, may present potential to perform classifications through models that use specialized algorithms. Thus, the objective of this research was to classify different types of land use through microbial indicators and spectral sensing using machine learning models. The study was conducted at Rancho Ideal farm, located in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul. Soil samples were collected from four different land uses present in the farm plots, namely: Native Forest (Cerrado), Eucalyptus, Pasture and Cropland. In each land use, 25 samples were collected, totaling 100 samples. Spectral acquisition was performed using the Ocean Optics equipment consisting of two sensors: STS-VIS and Flame. The microbial indicators of soil quality analyzed were: microbial biomass carbon, basal soil respiration and metabolic quotient, through specific methodologies. For modeling, six models were trained globally with the complete dataset for each indicator, and the evaluation was performed through cross-validation with ten repetitions. The results show that, using the Savitzky-Golay preprocessing technique, the tested models were capable of identifying complex patterns and correlations between the databases used, especially those based on gradient boosting, reaching an average accuracy of 94%. Therefore, it is concluded that for classification, in a consistent spectral pattern, models of different natures obtained significant performance, without depending on a specific algorithm. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14579 Título: Nitrogênio associado a Azospirillum brasilense na produção de milho cultivado em consórcio com cana-de-açúcar Abstract: The high cost of nitrogen fertilizers has driven the search for more sustainable alternatives, such as inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria, notably Azospirillum brasilense, aiming to increase the efficiency and profitability of production systems. The hypothesis is that inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense increases nitrogen use efficiency in maize grown in intercropping with sugarcane, resulting in improvements in growth, development, and yield parameters of the crop. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense, associated with nitrogen rates, on the agronomic parameters of maize cultivated in intercropping with sugarcane over two cycles. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design, in a factorial scheme, with four replications. The sources of variation corresponded to inoculations with Azospirillum brasilense [NI: no inoculation; SD: standard dose; 3SD: triple standard dose] and urea rates [D0 = 0; D60 = 60; D120 = 120; and D240 = 240 kg ha⁻¹ of N]. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, ear insertion height, stalk diameter, ear diameter, ear length, number of kernel rows, number of kernels per row, total kernels per ear, and grain yield. The rate of 240 kg ha⁻¹ of nitrogen was associated with plant height, ear insertion height, ear diameter, ear length, number of kernels per row, total kernels per ear, and grain yield. Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense at double dose influenced morphological attributes such as plant height, ear insertion height, number of kernel rows, and total kernels per ear, while at triple dose it influenced ear insertion height, stalk diameter, and total kernels per ear. Keywords: plant growth-promoting bacteria; yield; Zea mays; morphological parameters. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14578 Título: APLICAÇÃO FOLIAR DE COBRE E SILÍCIO NO ACÚMULO DE COMPOSTOS BIOATIVOS EM FOLHAS E GRÃOS DE SOJA Abstract: Abstrac t- Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important agricultural crops in Brazil, standing out for its economic relevance and the high nutritional value of its seeds. In addition to yield, the biochemical composition of soybean has attracted considerable interest due to the presence of bioactive compounds, such as isoflavones and phenolic compounds, which play important antioxidant roles in plant protection. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of foliar application of copper and silicon on the accumulation of bioactive compounds in soybean leaves and grains. The experiment was conducted during the 2024/25 growing season, using the cultivar HO Paraguaçu I2X. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with six treatments and four replications, comprising different combinations of silicon and copper doses: T1 (absolute control), T2 (Si 0.60 g L⁻¹ and Cu 0.0 g ha⁻¹), T3 (Si 0.0 g L⁻¹ and Cu 164 g ha⁻¹), T4 (Si 0.60 g L⁻¹ and Cu 164 g ha⁻¹), T5 (Si 0.0 g L⁻¹ and Cu 328 g ha⁻¹), and T6 (Si 0.60 g L⁻¹ and Cu 328 g ha⁻¹). Potassium silicate and copper chelate were used as sources and applied foliarly at the phenological stages R3, R5.1, and R6. The concentrations of catechin, daidzin, genistein, and genistin were evaluated in soybean leaves and grains. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, Scott-Knott mean comparison test, and canonical discriminant analysis. The results showed that the combined application of copper and silicon promoted greater accumulation of the evaluated bioactive compounds in both leaves and grains, indicating a positive effect of nutrient interaction on the secondary metabolism of soybean plants. It was concluded that foliar application of copper associated with silicon is a promising strategy to improve the biochemical quality of soybean by enhancing the accumulation of compounds with nutritional and functional importance. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z