Análise da vulnerabilidade ambiental de Furnas dos Dionísios MS, através de um sistema de informação geográfica e sensoriamento remoto

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to carry out environmental vulnerability analyses of the area occupied by the community of Furnas dos Dionísios-MS, using a Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing. Environmental vulnerability basically refers to two factors, the first considering the natural environmental vulnerability to soils, biodiversity and water source quality losses, and the second considering human occupation impacts. As secondary objectives, the native vegetation fragments present in the studied area, and temporal variation in the occupation of the area were analyzed. In order to evaluate the environmental factors, it was necessary to put values on some attributes and characteristics, initially in isolation, and then integrally, to provide an overall perspective. The crossing of the maps was carried out algebraically and using weighted values. A databank in GIS and remote sensing enabled multitemporal analyses by photo interpretation of images of the years 2004 and 1985. The multitemporal analyses showed changes in soil occupation between the two years, involving reductions in agricultural, pasture and forests areas, and increases in the area of Savanna. The analyses of environmental vulnerability showed vulnerable environments resulting from natural characteristics, such as inclined relief, and human action effects, such as removal of riparian vegetation.