Erosividade das chuvas e erosão hídrica em bacia hidrográfica do bioma Pantanal

Abstract

Due to the importance given to environmental management, studies on the factors that influence watershed management reached an international dimension. The basin of the Upper Taquari has been the focus of major work due to the continued degradation of the basin promoted mainly by anthropogenic activities on extensive ranching and agricultural activities. In this context, this work established the physical characteristics of the basin of the Pantanal´s biome and evaluated the erosivity of rainfall and soil loss by laminar erosion. Physical characterization was done with the use of Geographic Information Systems. With those phisical characteristics certain important aspects of the behavior of the basin were possible to be analysed. The erosivity index was calculated by EI30 and estimated regression coefficient between observed and coefficient of rainfall. After statistical analysis, was checked that the regression model showed better potential adjustments, and that a model developed elsewhere underestimated the erosivity in the study area. For the estimation of soil loss by laminar erosion USLE model was used, with very strong degree of erosion. The results of this study confirmed the importance of proper use of soil.