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VIOLÊNCIA OCUPACIONAL CONTRA MÉDICOS E EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM EM UNIDADES DE PRONTO ATENDIMENTO DE CAMPO GRANDE, MS

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: VIOLÊNCIA OCUPACIONAL CONTRA MÉDICOS E EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM EM UNIDADES DE PRONTO ATENDIMENTO DE CAMPO GRANDE, MS Abstract: Occupational violence in emergency care units constitutes a growing and complex phenomenon in the field of health care. This study aimed to investigate occupational violence experienced by physicians and nursing staff working in Emergency Care Units and Regional Health Centers linked to the Municipal Health Secretariat of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. This is an exploratory, descriptive, and analytical study with a quantitative approach and nonprobabilistic convenience sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Excel® 2019 and SPSS® version 23.0. A total of 170 professionals participated: 71.8% were female, 49.4% were nursing technicians, 32.4% nurses, and 18.2% physicians. Perceived workplace safety showed a median score of 3 on a scale from 0 to 10. Among the most frequently reported risk factors were violent companions (88.2%), lack of security personnel (84.7%), and aggressive patients (82.9%). Regarding the types of violence experienced, 89.4% reported verbal violence, 35.3% moral harassment, 16.5% physical violence, and 6.5% sexual violence. It is concluded that occupational violence in emergency care units represents a relevant and multifactorial problem, with significant rates of verbal, physical, moral, and sexual violence, directly impacting the safety and well-being of health professionals. The findings highlight the need for institutional measures, including strengthening security, training for the management of risk situations, and the implementation of public policies aimed at preventing and mitigating this phenomenon. The adoption of such strategies is essential to promote safer work environments and to preserve the physical and mental health of these professionals, who play a central role in delivering health care to the population. Tipo: Tese

AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL RISCO A SAÚDE DE CRIANÇAS DEVIDO A INGESTÃO DE MACRO E MICROELEMENTOS EM FARINÁCEOS

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL RISCO A SAÚDE DE CRIANÇAS DEVIDO A INGESTÃO DE MACRO E MICROELEMENTOS EM FARINÁCEOS Abstract: Cereal-based foods are widely consumed by children, yet limited data exist on their elemental composition and potential health risks. This study quantified As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Mg, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Si, V, and Zn in eight commercial cereal-based products collected in Campo Grande, Brazil, using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). Arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, and chromium were consistently below the detection limit. Phosphorus and potassium were the predominant elements across brands, followed by Fe, Mg, and Zn, with significant inter-brand variability (Kruskal–Wallis, p < 0.05). Lead was detected in Brands 1–5 (0.11–0.41 mg/kg) but was undetectable in others. Estimated daily intake (ID) values at 30 g/day and 90 g/day showed that Fe, Zn, Mn, and Se frequently met or exceeded dietary reference intakes for children aged 1–3 years, while Cu, Ni, and P remained below tolerable levels. Comparison with tolerable upper intake levels and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) minimal risk levels indicated that higher consumption (90 g/day) could result in excess intake of Mn, Zn, and Se, with Pb contributing to cumulative hazard indices above the safety threshold (HI > 1). These findings emphasize the dual role of cereal-based foods as important nutrient sources and potential contributors to excessive trace element exposure in young children. Tipo: Tese

CONTAMINAÇÃO RIBEIRINHA POR METAIS (E METALOIDES) NA FRONTEIRA BRASIL - PARAGUAI: ANÁLISE DE BIOINDICADORES E AVALIAÇÃO DE RISCOS À SAÚDE

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: CONTAMINAÇÃO RIBEIRINHA POR METAIS (E METALOIDES) NA FRONTEIRA BRASIL - PARAGUAI: ANÁLISE DE BIOINDICADORES E AVALIAÇÃO DE RISCOS À SAÚDE Abstract: Population growth has led to increasing contamination of water, soil, and vegetation. In this context, plants act as effective bioindicators due to their ability to accumulate high levels of trace elements. This study evaluated the Santa Virgem River basin, located along the Brazil–Paraguay border, by quantifying the elements As, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, S, Se, Zn, and Pb in water, soil, and plant samples, including an angiosperm from the Apiaceae family, the liverwort Dumortiera sp., and mosses, using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Water samples showed low concentrations of toxic metals, frequently below the limit of detection (LOD for As, Ba, Co, Cr, Ni, Se, and Pb), whereas phosphorus ranged from 0.20 to 2.00 mg/L, exceeding by up to 20 times the limit established by CONAMA (0.10 mg/L). Iron concentrations ranged from 0.13 to 0.36 mg/L, with occasional exceedance of the 0.30 mg/L threshold defined by operational and sensory acceptability criteria for drinking water, without association with adverse effects on human health. In soils, iron was the predominant element, ranging from 13,256 to 33,658 mg/kg, followed by macronutrients such as K, Ca, and Mg. Phosphorus concentrations were higher near the river, reaching up to 98 mg/kg, and arsenic reached 7.22 mg/kg in marginal areas. Nevertheless, the Pollution Load Index, consistently below 1, indicated the absence of significant metal pollution. Plant species exhibited distinct bioaccumulation patterns. The Apiaceae angiosperm showed moderate concentrations, with iron ranging from 1,369 to 4,529 mg/kg and manganese from 59 to 214 mg/kg, reflecting the typical behavior of vascular plants. The liverwort Dumortiera sp. exhibited substantially higher levels, with iron ranging from 16,235 to 30,054 mg/kg, manganese from 781 to 3,832 mg/kg, potassium from 2,144 to 13,010 mg/kg, phosphorus from 4,774 to 7,484 mg/kg, as well as elevated concentrations of chromium (24.6–43.5 mg/kg) and lead (8.2–15.7 mg/kg). Mosses also showed strong retention capacity, accumulating iron between 17,575 and 24,678 mg/kg, manganese between 1,090 and 1,790 mg/kg, and phosphorus close to 9,600 mg/kg, highlighting their sensitivity to environmental variations. The Biological Accumulation Coefficient confirmed that bryophytes, represented by Dumortiera sp. and mosses, accumulated elements such as iron, manganese, chromium, nickel, and lead at levels far exceeding those observed in the Apiaceae, reinforcing their role as efficient environmental bioindicators. Human health risk assessment, considering scenarios of water ingestion, accidental soil ingestion, and dust inhalation, revealed Hazard Quotients (HQ) below 1 for all potentially toxic metals, indicating negligible non-carcinogenic risk. Phosphorus represents a warning regarding agricultural inputs rather than a direct toxicological risk. Overall, the results indicate low metal contamination in the Santa Virgem River, a marked agricultural influence on nutrient levels particularly phosphorus and confirm the high efficiency of bryophytes as environmental bioindicators. These findings highlight the importance of continuous monitoring in riparian ecosystems subject to anthropogenic pressure, especially regarding nutrient inputs in agricultural areas. Tipo: Dissertação

AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL RISCO À SAÚDE HUMANA DE ELEMENTOS TÓXICOS E ESSENCIAIS PRESENTES NO CHÁ, FOLHAS E SUCO DA PLANTA MEDICINAL KALANCHOE LAETIVIRENS

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL RISCO À SAÚDE HUMANA DE ELEMENTOS TÓXICOS E ESSENCIAIS PRESENTES NO CHÁ, FOLHAS E SUCO DA PLANTA MEDICINAL KALANCHOE LAETIVIRENS Abstract: The leaves, tea, and juice of the medicinal plant Kalanchoe laetivirens are used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. However, there are no studies on the mineral composition of this plant in relation to human health. The presence of heavy metals and metalloids in medicinal plants may pose a risk to the population. Thus, this study aims to quantify aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), sodium (Na), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), and vanadium (V) in the tea, juice, and leaves of the medicinal plant K. laetivirens using ICP-OES. Samples of K. laetivirens were acquired in the city of Campo Grande/MS, and then part of the leaves were dried in an oven and crushed, and part of the leaves were crushed in a blender along with ultrapure water to obtain a juice. Through infusion of the leaves, tea was obtained from the plant's leaves. An acid digestion procedure was used to open the sample and subsequently quantify chemical elements in the tea, juice, and leaves of the plant using ICP-OES. For the elements quantified in the leaf tea, we have the following decreasing order: K > P > Mg > Na > Ba > Zn > Mn > Al > V > Se > As > Pb > Fe > Mo > Cu > Ni > Co. The decreasing order of the elements quantified in the leaves is: K > P > Mg > Na > Ba > Al > Zn > Fe > Mn > V > Cu > Se > As > Pb > Mo > Ni > Co. For the elements quantified in the juice of the plant's leaves, we have the order: K > P > Mg > Zn > Ba > Al > Fe > Mn > Cu > V > Se > As > Pb > Mo > Ni > Co. The concentrations of Al, As, K, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, and V obtained through the infusion and juice of Kalanchoe are higher than the results published in the literature for other species of medicinal plants. The values of Al, As, K, Ba, Mg, Mn, Mo, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Se, V, and Zn obtained in Kalanchoe tea and juice are higher than those stipulated by regulatory bodies. The concentrations of Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, and Na in Kalanchoe leaves were lower than the results obtained by other research with medicinal plants. However, the concentrations of As, Co, Mo, P, Pb, and Zn are higher than those obtained in other species of Brazilian medicinal plants. According to risk assessment, the daily intake (DIE) of Al, As, Ba, P, Se, V, and Zn in Kalanchoe tea, juice, and leaves is higher than the minimum levels for acute risk. The DIE of Co in the plant's tea is higher than the minimum level for intermediate risk. On the other hand, the daily intake of Cu from the plant's tea and juice is higher than the minimum level for intermediate risk. The EDI for Cu in the leaf, as well as Iron, Mg, and Mn in Kalanchoe tea, juice, and leaves, are lower than the tolerable upper limit of intake (UL). In the tea made from the plant's leaves, the hazard quotient (THQ) was greater than 1 for the elements arsenic (As), barium (Ba), cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo), sodium (Na), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), and vanadium (V), indicating a potential risk of non-carcinogenic adverse effects. In contrast, the elements aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and nickel (Ni) showed THQ values lower than 1, suggesting a lower probability of toxic effects. In the juice, the THQ values were greater than 1 for the elements arsenic (As), phosphorus (P), and lead (Pb). Regarding dried leaves, considering the hypothesis of ingesting capsules containing 350 mg of plant extract, it was found that the elements iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) also presented THQ values greater than 1. Considering the oral route through the digestive system, it was observed that, although most elements presented risk quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) values less than 1, the element phosphorus (P), both in the tea and in the juice, presented HQ > 1, resulting in HI > 1. In general, the risk assessment demonstrated that elements such as arsenic (As), barium (Ba), cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo), sodium (Na), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), vanadium (V), and phosphorus (P) presented THQ and HQ values greater than 1, indicating a potential risk of non-carcinogenic adverse effects on human health, especially when considering the consumption of tea and juice from the plant. These findings suggest that continuous consumption of Kalanchoe laetivirens, especially in the form of infusions and juice, may pose a toxicological risk, reinforcing the need for caution and proper guidance regarding its therapeutic use. Key words: Heavy metals, Medicinal plants, ICP OES, risk calculation, Kalanchoe laetivirens Tipo: Tese