https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/6405 2026-04-15T23:16:47Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14265 Título: Análise Comparativa das Rotas de Reforma a Seco e a Vapor do Biogás via Simulação em DWSIM Abstract: The growing demand for sustainable energy sources has driven the development of technologies that valorize the processing of organic waste, such as biogas. This work aims to conduct a comparative study between two major thermochemical conversion routes of biogas into synthesis gas: dry reforming and steam reforming. The biogas used was simulated with a typical composition of 70% CH₄ and 30% CO₂, following a purification step. Simulations were carried out using the DWSIM software and the Peng-Robinson thermodynamic model, through a process flow that includes a mixer, heater, heat exchanger, equilibrium reactor, and separator. The methodology analyzed the influence of temperature (550 °C to 900 °C) on reagent conversion and syngas composition, as well as the effect of energy integration between process streams. Results showed that steam reforming offers higher H₂ yield and H₂/CO ratio, which is suitable for hydrogen production. In contrast, dry reforming is advantageous due to its simultaneous consumption of CH₄ and CO₂, contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gases and producing an H₂/CO ratio near 1, ideal for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The implemented energy integration resulted in a significant thermal consumption reduction—over 80%—enhancing the overall efficiency and sustainability of the process. The use of thermodynamic equilibrium simulation based on Gibbs free energy minimization enabled the evaluation of the processes’ efficiency and selectivity. This study supports technical advancements in biogas conversion and provides guidance for selecting the most appropriate route according to the desired application and available operating conditions, especially in regions like Mato Grosso do Sul, which has significant biogas production potential. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14214 Título: PROJETO DE UMA UNIDADE PARA EXTRAÇÃO DE BIOSSÍLICA A PARTIR DAS CINZAS DA CASCA DO ARROZ GERADAS EM SISTEMA DE COGERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA Abstract: This work presents a proposal for the extraction of biosilica from rice husk ash (RHA), aiming at the valorization of an abundant solid residue in the rice sector. The methodology adopted was based on three stages: theoretical-conceptual review, laboratory experimentation, and development of a proposed industrial-scale process. The laboratory experiments resulted in white silica, and characterization by X-ray diffraction confirmed the obtaining of amorphous biosilica. Based on the results, mass and energy balances associated with the unit operations of the extraction process were developed, including acid leaching, filtration, drying, calcination, and particle size classification. From these balances, the preliminary sizing of the main equipment necessary for the extraction unit was carried out, such as a leaching tank, filter washer, dryer, calcination furnace, mill, and industrial sieves. The designed unit has the capacity to process 248.53 tons of rice husk per day, producing approximately 5.98 MW of energy and 39 tons of biosilica per day, demonstrating the technical viability of the integrated process. Thus, the proposal of this work constitutes a sustainable alternative that promotes the circular economy in the rice sector, transforming a low-value-added residue into a high-potential technological input (biosilica) and renewable energy. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14181 Título: OTIMIZAÇÃO DA ANÁLISE DE RESISTÊNCIA À TRAÇÃO DA FIBRA DE CELULOSE POR MODELO PREDITIVO Abstract: In pulp production, monitoring several parameters that guide industrial decision making is essential. In this context, numerous analyses are carried out in a quality laboratory, some of which have reduced frequency due to factors such as a high number of procedural steps, the need for a stable environment, and the long time required to obtain results. Among these tests, the tensile strength of cellulose fibers stands out as one of the most important, since in a scenario where fluctuations in the short-fiber market price are constant, achieving optimal parameter conditions in production is advantageous, as it directly influences pulp productivity on the paper machine. Additionally, the strong correlation between tensile strength and fiber morphology data indicates that developing a predictive model is an effective optimization tool, especially considering the short time required to determine anatomical characteristics. Thus, the aim of this study was to use laboratory fiber morphology data to predict tensile index results through the development of a multiple linear regression model. Python was used as the tool for statistical data analysis, with scikit-learn as the main library. The variables selected for model configuration were Mass-Weighted Average Fiber Length, Fibrillation Ratio, Curl, and Fines Ratio. The final model achieved a MAPE of 2,89% and an RMSE of 2,49 N·m/g, demonstrating strong predictive capability, which was confirmed by statistical significance tests. Therefore, the model can be applied as a tool in the analytical routine, reducing the estimated analysis time from 11 hours to only 5 hours. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/13399 Título: VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DOS MÉTODOS EXTRATIVOS DE ÓLEO ESSENCIAL PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE PERFUMES Abstract: The remarkable growth of the perfume market in Brazil, which holds the second position globally in consumption, establishes a scenario where 90% of preferences are concentrated on national brands. In this competitive landscape, the cost-benefit factor is decisive for consumer choice. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of various methods for obtaining essential oils, crucial for fragrance formulation, on the final product cost. The methodology employed involved a literature review to map operational conditions, market trends, and inherent expenses. Based on this data, a simplified economic simulation was performed using CAPEX (Capital Expenditure) and OPEX (Operating Expenditure) indicators. This comparative analysis focused on four main techniques: enfleurage, steam distillation, cold pressing, and hydrodistillation. The study evaluated the financial impact of these techniques on both the final market price and the investment payback time. The results revealed that the financial implications of extraction techniques are uneven and vary significantly depending on the aroma type, whether citrus, floral, or woody. It is concluded that the selection of the extraction method is a primary element in determining economic viability. This work therefore suggests that diversification and the strategic application of extraction techniques are essential to optimize the cost-benefit balance in the Brazilian perfumery market. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z